| EXECUTIVE SUMMARY | 1 |
| INTRODUCTION | 3 |
| 1. THE EU AND THE GEORGIAN CRISIS | 3 |
| THE BACKGROUND | 3 |
| THE EXTRAORDINARY EUROPEAN COUNCIL OF 1 SEPTEMBER 2008 | 6 |
| THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE EXTRAORDINARY EUROPEAN COUNCIL | 11 |
| THE SEQUEL UNTIL 10 SEPTEMBER | 13 |
| The withdrawal of Russian and Georgian forces | 14 |
| International observers | 14 |
| International talks on the security and stability arrangements in Abkhazia and South Ossetia | 15 |
| TAKING STOCK: THE EU AND THE GEORGIAN CRISIS ONE MONTH ON | 15 |
| A job well done | 16 |
| The loose ends in the agreements of 12 August and 8 September | 17 |
| The scope and composition of the international conference | 17 |
| The implications of the European Council’s pledge to ‘step up its relations’ with Georgia and the EU’s other eastern neighbours | 17 |
| Relations between the EU and NATO and the future of NATO itself | 17 |
| EU-Russian relations | 18 |
| 2. THE GEORGIAN CRISIS AND THE MAKING OF THE FRENCH PRESIDENCY | 19 |
| 3. THE EU AS A GLOBAL PLAYER: THE ROLE OF THE PRESIDENCY AND THE FUTURE OF THE LISBON TREATY | 21 |
| ENDNOTES | 22 |
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